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Main hall of Biblioteca Vasconcelos, Mexico City
Main hall of Biblioteca Vasconcelos, Mexico City. Diego Delso, CC BY-SA 4.0
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Main hall of Biblioteca Vasconcelos, Mexico City. Photo: Diego Delso, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biblioteca_Vasconcelos,_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico,_M%C3%A9xico,_2015-07-20,_DD_16-18_HDR.JPG
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Vasconcelos Library

Mexico City, Mexico, 2006

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  1. ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY 4.0

    • The Ciudadela building

      Object

      This red stone building was the Royal Tobacco Factory of New Spain, finished in 1807. José María Morelos was held here in 1815. In 1944 the property was given over to a library, which opened on 27 November 1946 with José Vasconcelos as first director.

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The record

Worth knowing

  • Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: In 2006 Gabriel Orozco installed an 11.7 metre grey whale skeleton in the library. It was found beached on Isla Arena in Baja California.

    secondarytate.org.uk
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: In 2006 Gabriel Orozco installed an 11.7 metre grey whale skeleton in the library. It was found beached on Isla Arena in Baja California.
Source: https://www.tate.org.uk/tate-etc/issue-21-spring-2011/where-can-i-get-whale-skeleton
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-07c5b97
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The book stacks are painted military green and hang from steel girders above the main hall.

    secondaryarchitecturalrecord.com
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The book stacks are painted military green and hang from steel girders above the main hall.
Source: https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/3689-kalach-s-mexico-city-library-shuttered
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-1tcsrtq
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The botanical garden covers 70 per cent of the site and holds almost 60,000 plants of 168 species, according to El Universal.

    secondaryeluniversal.com.mx
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The botanical garden covers 70 per cent of the site and holds almost 60,000 plants of 168 species, according to El Universal.
Source: https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/destinos/conoce-la-biblioteca-vasconcelos-la-mas-grande-de-mexico/
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-09d5bsd
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The library closed in March 2007 with more than 3,000 unfinished tasks. Critics said the Fox government had rushed construction to open before a hotly contested election.

    secondaryarchitecturalrecord.com
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The library closed in March 2007 with more than 3,000 unfinished tasks. Critics said the Fox government had rushed construction to open before a hotly contested election.
Source: https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/3689-kalach-s-mexico-city-library-shuttered
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0jtf5gs
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The reassembled whale skeleton consists of 169 bones, with only one of the tympanums missing.

    secondarytate.org.uk
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, worth knowing: The reassembled whale skeleton consists of 169 bones, with only one of the tympanums missing.
Source: https://www.tate.org.uk/tate-etc/issue-21-spring-2011/where-can-i-get-whale-skeleton
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0rykfnx
    Dispute#

Built

  • Vasconcelos Library, built: Inaugurated 16 May 2006 by President Vicente Fox

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, built: Inaugurated 16 May 2006 by President Vicente Fox
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0rdk8kv
    Dispute#

Architect

  • Vasconcelos Library, architect: Alberto Kalach and Juan Palomar (English Wikipedia). Spanish Wikipedia names Alberto Kalach as the declared winner of the competition.

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, architect: Alberto Kalach and Juan Palomar (English Wikipedia). Spanish Wikipedia names Alberto Kalach as the declared winner of the competition.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-1v7y9ay
    Dispute#

Size

  • Vasconcelos Library, size: Spread across 38,000 m2 (English Wikipedia)

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, size: Spread across 38,000 m2 (English Wikipedia)
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-12y92gz
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, size: 37,962 m2 of construction (Spanish Wikipedia)

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, size: 37,962 m2 of construction (Spanish Wikipedia)
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0m43wxt
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, size: Building planned 35 m wide and divided lengthwise into three blocks of 82 m each (Spanish Wikipedia).

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, size: Building planned 35 m wide and divided lengthwise into three blocks of 82 m each (Spanish Wikipedia).
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0hz0ubw
    Dispute#

Volumes

  • Vasconcelos Library, volumes: 600,000 books (English Wikipedia)

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, volumes: 600,000 books (English Wikipedia)
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0cev15b
    Dispute#

  • Vasconcelos Library, volumes: Officially 575,000 books (Spanish Wikipedia)

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, volumes: Officially 575,000 books (Spanish Wikipedia)
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-138nddo
    Dispute#

Collection

  • Vasconcelos Library, collection: Designed for a maximum of 2,000,000 items (Spanish Wikipedia).

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, collection: Designed for a maximum of 2,000,000 items (Spanish Wikipedia).
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-1yr08ru
    Dispute#

What remains

  • Vasconcelos Library, what remains: Seventh level opened in May 2016 (Spanish Wikipedia).

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, what remains: Seventh level opened in May 2016 (Spanish Wikipedia).
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0tphvtc
    Dispute#

Status today

  • Vasconcelos Library, status today: Closed in March 2007 over construction defects; reopened to the public in November 2008

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, status today: Closed in March 2007 over construction defects; reopened to the public in November 2008
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#f-0lifuj0
    Dispute#

What happened here

  1. 2006Vasconcelos Library, opened, 2006: Inaugurated by President Vicente Fox, 16 May 2006

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, opened, 2006: Inaugurated by President Vicente Fox, 16 May 2006
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#e-0hcargw
    Dispute#

  2. 2006Vasconcelos Library, opened, 2006: Public service began, 1 June 2006 (Spanish Wikipedia)

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, opened, 2006: Public service began, 1 June 2006 (Spanish Wikipedia)
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#e-1l5ggg7
    Dispute#

  3. 2007Vasconcelos Library, closed, 2007: Closed in March 2007 over construction defects

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, closed, 2007: Closed in March 2007 over construction defects
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#e-0fqxmcv
    Dispute#

  4. 2008Vasconcelos Library, reopened, 2008: Reopened to the public in November 2008 after 22 months

    wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, reopened, 2008: Reopened to the public in November 2008 after 22 months
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasconcelos_Library
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#e-1hij04r
    Dispute#

  5. 2016Vasconcelos Library, opened, 2016: Seventh level opened, May 2016

    wikipediaes.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Vasconcelos Library, opened, 2016: Seventh level opened, May 2016
Source: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Vasconcelos
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/vasconcelos/#e-03macr8
    Dispute#

Photographs

Hanging shelves and walkways, Biblioteca Vasconcelos
Hanging shelves and walkways, Biblioteca Vasconcelos. Diego Delso, CC BY-SA 4.0
Use this photo
Hanging shelves and walkways, Biblioteca Vasconcelos. Photo: Diego Delso, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biblioteca_Vasconcelos,_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico,_M%C3%A9xico,_2015-07-20,_DD_04-06_HDR.JPG
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Stacks and catwalks, Biblioteca Vasconcelos
Stacks and catwalks, Biblioteca Vasconcelos. Jorge Mendoza, CC0
Use this photo
Stacks and catwalks, Biblioteca Vasconcelos. Photo: Jorge Mendoza, CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Estanter%C3%ADa_de_la_Biblioteca_Vasconcelos.jpg
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Glass walkway between shelves, Biblioteca Vasconcelos
Glass walkway between shelves, Biblioteca Vasconcelos. Jorge Mendoza, CC0
Use this photo
Glass walkway between shelves, Biblioteca Vasconcelos. Photo: Jorge Mendoza, CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pasillo_de_la_Biblioteca_Vasconcelos.jpg
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Entrance of Biblioteca Vasconcelos, Mexico City
Entrance of Biblioteca Vasconcelos, Mexico City. ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Entrance of Biblioteca Vasconcelos, Mexico City. Photo: ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fachada_de_la_Biblioteca_Vasconcelos_Buenavista_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico.jpg
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Biblioteca Vasconcelos and its roof garden, Mexico City
Biblioteca Vasconcelos and its roof garden, Mexico City. ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Biblioteca Vasconcelos and its roof garden, Mexico City. Photo: ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biblioteca_Vasconcelos_-_vista_a_los_jardines_desde_el_primer_piso.jpg
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Roofs of the Biblioteca Vasconcelos in Buenavista, Mexico City, seen from above
Roofs of the Biblioteca Vasconcelos in Buenavista, Mexico City, seen from above. ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY-SA 4.0
Use this photo
Roofs of the Biblioteca Vasconcelos in Buenavista, Mexico City, seen from above. Photo: ProtoplasmaKid, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vista_a%C3%A9rea_de_la_Biblioteca_Vasconcelos_02.jpg
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Sources