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Interior of the Tianyi Pavilion, Ningbo
Interior of the Tianyi Pavilion, Ningbo. Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0
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Interior of the Tianyi Pavilion, Ningbo. Photo: Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ningbo_Tianyige_2013.07.28_09-20-09.jpg
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Tian Yi Ge

Ningbo, People's Republic of China, 1561–66

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The record

Worth knowing

  • Tian Yi Ge, worth knowing: Fan Qin's rules for the library included a ban on entering it after drinking alcohol.

    secondarygovt.chinadaily.com.cn
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, worth knowing: Fan Qin's rules for the library included a ban on entering it after drinking alcohol.
Source: https://govt.chinadaily.com.cn/s/202212/08/WS63913c6d498ea274927aaab7/oldest-surviving-private-library-celebrates-400-years-of-history.html
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-0ptygy2
    Dispute#

  • Tian Yi Ge, worth knowing: In 1585, aged 80, Fan Qin split his property into savings and the library of 70,000 books and let his descendants choose. The one who took the library became its keeper.

    secondarygovt.chinadaily.com.cn
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, worth knowing: In 1585, aged 80, Fan Qin split his property into savings and the library of 70,000 books and let his descendants choose. The one who took the library became its keeper.
Source: https://govt.chinadaily.com.cn/s/202212/08/WS63913c6d498ea274927aaab7/oldest-surviving-private-library-celebrates-400-years-of-history.html
Evidence tier: secondary
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-1nh1ie2
    Dispute#

Built

  • Tian Yi Ge, built: Built in 1561 (Jiajing 40) under Fan Qin

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
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    Tian Yi Ge, built: Built in 1561 (Jiajing 40) under Fan Qin
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-1gwos0f
    Dispute#

Size

  • Tian Yi Ge, size: Museum site about 34,000 m2

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
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    Tian Yi Ge, size: Museum site about 34,000 m2
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁博物院
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-0kh95xp
    Dispute#

Volumes

  • Tian Yi Ge, volumes: Held over 70,000 juan at its peak; only about 13,000 left in modern times

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, volumes: Held over 70,000 juan at its peak; only about 13,000 left in modern times
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-0fm22bx
    Dispute#

Collection

  • Tian Yi Ge, collection: Nearly 300,000 juan of ancient books, over 80,000 of them rare fine editions (2019)

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, collection: Nearly 300,000 juan of ancient books, over 80,000 of them rare fine editions (2019)
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁博物院
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-0dh7jv2
    Dispute#

  • Tian Yi Ge, collection: Rarest holdings: Ming local gazetteers (271) and examination records (370)

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, collection: Rarest holdings: Ming local gazetteers (271) and examination records (370)
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-02mhkf0
    Dispute#

Status today

  • Tian Yi Ge, status today: Oldest surviving private library in China (Chinese Wikipedia).

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, status today: Oldest surviving private library in China (Chinese Wikipedia).
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-1nql8pn
    Dispute#

  • Tian Yi Ge, status today: A pond outside the building guards against fire

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, status today: A pond outside the building guards against fire
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-1bomqpr
    Dispute#

  • Tian Yi Ge, status today: Family rule that books were not divided among heirs and not taken out of the pavilion.

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, status today: Family rule that books were not divided among heirs and not taken out of the pavilion.
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-0s9s00k
    Dispute#

  • Tian Yi Ge, status today: In 1773 Fan Maozhu submitted 641 rare titles when the Siku quanshu was compiled.

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, status today: In 1773 Fan Maozhu submitted 641 rare titles when the Siku quanshu was compiled.
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-1sqiz65
    Dispute#

  • Tian Yi Ge, status today: Designated a national key protected site in 1982 (second batch).

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, status today: Designated a national key protected site in 1982 (second batch).
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#f-1h107on
    Dispute#

What happened here

  1. 1561Tian Yi Ge, built, 1561: Built under Fan Qin, from 1561

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, built, 1561: Built under Fan Qin, from 1561
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-0tao9ua
    Dispute#

  2. 1841Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1841: British occupiers looted geographical works after the fall of Ningbo, 1841

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1841: British occupiers looted geographical works after the fall of Ningbo, 1841
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-0diwr55
    Dispute#

  3. 1861Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1861: Thieves sold books after the Taiping took Ningbo, 1861

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1861: Thieves sold books after the Taiping took Ningbo, 1861
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-06nxcjl
    Dispute#

  4. 1914Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1914: Burglar Xue Jiwei stole books, 1914

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1914: Burglar Xue Jiwei stole books, 1914
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-0pxsaos
    Dispute#

  5. 1933Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1933: Typhoon damaged the pavilion, 18 September 1933

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, damaged, 1933: Typhoon damaged the pavilion, 18 September 1933
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-0fmfb5t
    Dispute#

  6. 1946Tian Yi Ge, reopened, 1946: Evacuated books returned to the pavilion, 16 December 1946

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, reopened, 1946: Evacuated books returned to the pavilion, 16 December 1946
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-15dm4bo
    Dispute#

  7. 1994Tian Yi Ge, founded, 1994: Ningbo Tianyige Museum founded, November 1994

    wikipediazh.wikipedia.org
    Cite
    Tian Yi Ge, founded, 1994: Ningbo Tianyige Museum founded, November 1994
Source: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天一阁博物院
Evidence tier: wikipedia
Last checked: 2026-11-11
WorldLibs: https://worldlibs.pages.dev/libraries/tianyige/#e-1obb73p
    Dispute#

Photographs

Ceiling beams of the Tianyi Pavilion, Ningbo
Ceiling beams of the Tianyi Pavilion, Ningbo. Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Ceiling beams of the Tianyi Pavilion, Ningbo. Photo: Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ningbo_Tianyige_2013.07.28_09-21-17.jpg
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Tianyi Pavilion plaque and entrance, Ningbo
Tianyi Pavilion plaque and entrance, Ningbo. Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Tianyi Pavilion plaque and entrance, Ningbo. Photo: Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ningbo_Tianyige_2013.07.28_09-19-22.jpg
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Tianyi Pavilion by the pond, Ningbo
Tianyi Pavilion by the pond, Ningbo. Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Tianyi Pavilion by the pond, Ningbo. Photo: Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ningbo_Tianyige_2013.07.28_09-23-22.jpg
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Fan family former residence, Tianyi Pavilion complex, Ningbo
Fan family former residence, Tianyi Pavilion complex, Ningbo. Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Fan family former residence, Tianyi Pavilion complex, Ningbo. Photo: Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ningbo_Tianyige_2013.07.28_09-04-19.jpg
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Courtyard hall in the Tianyi Pavilion complex, Ningbo
Courtyard hall in the Tianyi Pavilion complex, Ningbo. Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0
Use this photo
Courtyard hall in the Tianyi Pavilion complex, Ningbo. Photo: Zhangzhugang, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ningbo_Tianyige_2013.07.28_08-42-07.jpg
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Sources